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Ses statuts sont fondés sur ceux de l'Académie royale de chirurgie (1731) et http://medicamentsen-ligne.com/ cialis de la Société royale de médecine (1776). L'Académie de médecine, de royale, devint impériale de 1851 à 1870, puis nationale à partir du 1er mars 1947. Elle sera en outre chargée de continuer les travaux de la Société royale de médecine et de l'Académie royale de chirurgie : elle s'occupera de tous les objets d'étude ou de recherches qui peuvent contribuer au progrès des différentes branches de l'art de guérir.

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Water Resources

Africa’s complex hydrological variability complicates water resource management. Even though the continent’s ample water resources are underutilized, conflicts among water uses abound. Because rainfall is exceptionally variable, storing rainwater is critical—yet storage facilities remain inadequate. Similarly, because most of Africa’s major rivers span national borders, international cooperation is essential to resolving conflicts and removing inefficiencies in water use. There is a need to invest heavily in both transboundary river-basin organizations and in water-storage facilities to ensure that water is available when and where it is needed. Africa’s already difficult hydrology will likely become even more challenging with climate change.

 


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Related Documents

Background Paper

Flagship Report Chapter- Water Resources: A Common Interest

[download, 2.83 MB]
Background Paper

Irrigation Investment Needs in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Matter of Scale

Irrigation could boost agricultural yields in water-rich Africa by 50 percent, but it now covers just 5 percent of cultivated land. This report identifies the locations that could benefit most from irrigation and the technologies best suited to them.
[download, 116.06 KB]

Key Messages

  • Africa’s economic development is held back by episodes of extreme drought and flooding that hydro-climatic variability will only get worse with climate change.
  • Additional water storage infrastructure is needed to manage the subcontinent’s hydrological variability and to fully harness water resources in support of development
  • Water resources are underutilized in Africa across the board, yet conflicts between water uses are common
  • The prevalence of large, transboundary river basins complicates the task of developing large-scale infrastructure and managing water-related conflicts
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